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Classification of Passenger Elevators
Release date:
2025-08-25
Author:
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Abstract
Variable-frequency elevators: Elevators powered by AC induction motors. Depending on the traction method, they can be further categorized into AC single-speed, AC dual-speed, AC voltage-controlled speed regulation, and AC variable-voltage/variable-frequency speed control systems, among others.
Classified by driving method
Variable-frequency elevators: Elevators powered by AC induction motors. Depending on the traction method, they can be further categorized into AC single-speed, AC dual-speed, AC voltage-controlled speed regulation, and AC variable-voltage/variable-frequency speed control systems, among others.
DC elevators: Elevators powered by DC motors. These elevators typically have a rated speed of 2.00 m/s or higher. Hydraulic elevators: Generally driven by an electric pump that circulates fluid, using a plunger to raise and lower the elevator car.
Gear-and-rack elevator: A type of elevator where the guide rails are machined into a rack, and the car is equipped with a gear that meshes with the rack. The motor drives the gear to rotate, causing the car to move up and down.
Screw-type elevators: The plunger of a direct-drive elevator is machined into a rectangular thread, and a large nut equipped with a thrust bearing is installed at the top of the oil cylinder. Then, a motor drives the nut to rotate via a gearbox (or belt), causing the screw to lift or lower the elevator car accordingly.
Elevators driven by linear motors use the linear motor itself as their power source. In the early days of elevators, steam engines and internal combustion engines were once directly used to power and drive the lifts—but these methods have now largely disappeared. The motor is connected to a gearbox to reduce speed and transmit power effectively.
Classified by Speed
Elevators don't have strict speed classifications; instead, China typically categorizes them using the following method.
Low-speed elevator: Typically refers to elevators traveling at speeds below 1.00 m/s.
Medium-speed elevator: Typically refers to elevators with speeds ranging from 1.00 to 2.00 m/s.
High-speed elevators typically refer to elevators with speeds exceeding 7 m/s.
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